The Neuroscience of Being Human
The Neuroscience of Seasons and Mood
The neuroscience of seasonal affective disorder, photoperiodism, and why the shortening days change the brain's chemistry, architecture, and emotional regulation
1,426-word article with 8 Harvard references.
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Winter does not merely make people sad. It changes the brain. The shortening photoperiod alters serotonin binding, shifts melatonin duration, modifies hypothalamic function, and disrupts the circadian architecture that organises mood, appetite, and cognition. For the estimated six per cent of the population who meet diagnostic criteria for seasonal affective disorder, and the further fifteen per cent who experience sub-clinical winter difficulty, the darkening months are not a matter of preference but of neurobiology. This fully referenced article explores why the seasons change the brain and what can be done about it.
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